On the Ultrastructure of Yeast Cells
نویسنده
چکیده
要 旨:酵 母 は厚い細胞壁 を有す るため、生物試料の固定に一般的 に用いられ る方法は適用できない ので、酵母の細胞生物学的研究 には、固定法の開発が必要であった。そ こで、過マンガ ン酸カ リウム (KMnO4)単 独固定法、グルタルアルデ ヒ ド-KMnO4二 重固定法、サン ドイ ッチ法 による急速凍結固 定技術 を開発 し、 さらに、加圧凍結法へ と固定法を発展させた。 この新技法を走査電子顕微鏡 と結び 付けて、「加圧凍結 ・極低温低加速電圧走査顕微鏡(HPF・ULT-LVSEM)法 」を開発 した。加圧凍 結技法 は抗原の保持 を増加させ るので、免疫透過電子顕微鏡学的研究 に最適 である。HPF・ULTLVSEM法 では、細胞の鋭利な割断面 を露出させることによ り、短時間で細胞の走査電子顕微鏡像を得 る ことを可能 とした。その結果、分裂酵母 の細胞質分裂の際の、隔壁の形成過程 を三次元的に観察で きるようになった。 また、分裂酵母か ら単離 された β-1,6一とα-1,3-グルカンおよび市販の β-1,3.グルカ ンの抗体 を用 いて、細胞壁グルカンの局在 と隔壁形成 にお ける各種 グルカ ンの挙動が解 明され、細胞 壁物質の細胞内輸送 と細胞壁の合成機構 につ いて新知見を得た。 さらに、隔壁形成 にアクチ ン細胞骨 格が主導的に関わっていることを立証 した。
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